Video Games A Scapegoat for Youth Violence Essay examples

Americans have been blaming violent forms of entertainment since colonial times. From dime novels to music, to movies to television shows. The most recent medium are video games. Aided by crime-saturated news reports, a lot of people are convinced that video game violence transfers to real-life youth crimes like the school massacres. They think that violent video games make people violent, but that is not the case. Violent people play violent video games. Not everyone who plays video games are violent, but those who already are violent will play them as an outlet for their frustration and rage. If anything, video games keep violent people from going out and killing people in real life because they can vent in the virtual world. People†¦show more content†¦If schools could establish programs that would help identify and refer depression and suicidal tendencies in minors, more would get the help they need (Olson). There is no proof that youth violence has been on the rise. On the contrary, juvenile crime and violence has gone down since 1990 while video game sales have soared, as seen in the graph below. Juvenile Violent Crime Index Compared to U.S. Game Software Sales 1990-2008 ï ¿ ¼ (â€Å"Video Game and Violence: The Myth versus the Reality†) So how is it that it is the fault of video game violence that makes juveniles violent? As much as media coverage will have people think the â€Å"wave of violence gripping America’s youth† (Grossman), the truth is violent attacks in America’s schools are â€Å"extremely rare events. The odds that a child will die in school through murder or suicide are less than one in one million† (Olson). Increase in news reports about crime just end up raising viewers’ perception of risk, whether or not there is actual danger (Olson). â€Å"Experts† like to over dramatize things. Retired Lt. Col. Dave Grossman, is convinced that video games not only make youths violent, they also teach them to shoot accurately. His evidence for that is the Michael Carneal’s shooting of a prayer group in Heath High School in Paducah, Kentuck in 1999. He states that Carneal â€Å"landed eight out of eight shots on eight different targets. Five of those were head shot s† (Hoerrner). He says not even trained FBI agentsShow MoreRelatedSociety’s Most Recent Scapegoat: Video Gaming1637 Words   |  7 PagesRebellious, violent behavior in youth is often treated simplistically – whether Elvis Presley’s latest hits, the programs airing on Saturday night television, or the newest film playing in theaters were popular amongst children and young adults, the blame for unfavorable behavior has always had its scapegoat. One of the most recent additions to society’s scapegoats is video gaming. Whether the objective of a given game is to fight crime or cause it, the morality of video games is often questioned and scrutinizedRead MoreThe Media Violence And Aggression1069 Words   |  5 PagesLiving in a world full of crime and violence, people begin to wonder what the cause of the violence is and how it can then be prevented. Unfortunately, there is not a single root cause that can be found when people attempt to decipher why children are deciding to bring guns to school and murder their peers. Some may believe that it was influenced by being exposed to a hostile family, violent films, or gory video games. Although sometimes this might be the case, a lot of the time it is not as blackRead MoreThe Truth about Video Games and Violent Children 1222 Words   |  5 Pages Violent video games are not training kids to be murderers. The video game industries have been called against and blamed for making kids more aggressive and violent for years. Although recent studies show tha t violent video games have been useful for kids to get their anger out. Only some kids were found to be aggressive after violent video game play, but they had three specific traits that lead to this aggressive behavior (â€Å"Violent...). Not all kids are affected by violent video games, but peopleRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effect On Children1101 Words   |  5 PagesEver since the Columbine Massacre occurred, people seemed to concern themselves with the violent nature of video games. So many people argue that because video games played a part in the lives of the two teenagers who planned and executed the event, video games are to be blamed as their motive. Although video games have often glamorize graphic violence, people should not cast blame upon them for an increase in violent behavior in those who play them (especially teens) because those who make theseRead MoreViolent Video Games: Society’s New Scapegoat Essays1248 Words   |  5 PagesDo modern video games contri bute to the increasing level of violence that we see around us? Can we really attribute the shootings and bombings we see on the news to the increased violence and realism of video games? Every day, people are exposed to violence through the TV shows and movies they watch, the video games they play, and national media networks who bombard us with graphic information portraying violent and hard-hitting global events. To top it all off, the media frequently loves to makeRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Video Games794 Words   |  4 Pagesimproved, video games have been enhanced together with the latest technology. Now, video games have become one of the most iconic hobbies and free time activities for teenagers from simple smartphone games to high-graphic console or pc games. However, some people tend to claim that video games are harmful to teenagers and cause them behave violent and aggressive. Also, some opinionated radicals state that video games are related to youth violence. While some people think that video games have negativeRead MoreThe Is Not A Serial Killer1326 Words   |  6 PagesThree of the most prominent words or actions used to describe video games. Arum Steinbeck wakes up, goes to school, comes home and plays video games. His face glued to the television, he is exposed to gruesome acts of violence. Nonetheless, Arum Steinbeck is not a serial killer. How is this possible? Adolescents who play video games are killers. Dead wrong. 90% of children in the US play video games and 90% of those children play games that involved mature content. Yet, it is possible that not oneRead MoreViolence and Americas Troubled Youth Essays1069 Words   |  5 PagesVideo games have come a long way since the days of Pong. Advances in technology have allowed games to present state of the art graphics and surreal like qualities to its consumers; from four star simulated battle scenes to enhanced real live fire shoot outs. With all these innovations added to viol ent video games it attracted the visual needs of our teenage youth. Although video game violence has been blamed for high profile school shootings, video games and its creators should not be held accountableRead MoreViolent Video Games Should Not Be Banned1170 Words   |  5 PagesIV Mr. Kula November 21, 2014 Violent Video Games Should Not be Banned Violent acts committed by children seem to occur on a monthly basis. What is to blame for this trend? Many people try to find, what they would believe to be, a likely source for the violence once. Some people turn to violent video games as the reason why violent acts occur amongst children. Some would even argue, that violent video games in general should be banned. Violent video games should not be banned because they doRead More Violent Video Games Dont Lead to Increases In Violent Behavior1424 Words   |  6 Pagestoday’s games are ridiculously violent, can one honestly believe they can open a portal to hang their enemies? Do video games really warp the mind and cause players to be aggressive? Recent studies say no. It is not the game’s fault for a player to react violently in real life. Other forms of media have plenty of violence, if not more, yet video games are the scapegoat of society’s or the player’s mental problems. Game makers have rati ngs on the games to warn players (or parents buying the game) what

Euthanasia is Murder Essay - 591 Words

Euthanasia is the Greek word meaning â€Å"good death†. Euthanasia is the act of assisting in ending one’s life, killing a person or an animal in a painless or minimally painful way. There are 3 different types of euthanasia. Volantary - which means that the doctor, or whoever performed the assisted death got full permission from the patient to kill them. Nonvolantary - without full consent of the patient or if the patient did give them their full consent, they weren’t fully decisionally-competent. And Involantary - this is when the person is killed against their will, they refuse to die but they are still killed. This Is murder! We are not god. We do not have the right choose who to kill, we cannot kill anyone we think would be better off†¦show more content†¦The two separarate parts of murder: Actus reus (Latin term for â€Å"guilty act†(based on evidence)) and Mens rea (Latin term for â€Å"guilty mind†(intension)). Both these are needed to convict someone of murder. There is also manslaughter (which is just actus reus) which some euthanasia cases end up being. Euthansia, whether conducted a hostpital or a home, still falls under murder with both, Actus reus and Mens rea obviously present. If we changed our laws so that euthanasia was legal, every murderer could say they were carrying out euthanasia. If we bring back euthanasia we should also bring back the death penalty. Euthanasia is just murder with a different name, it’s the same, except they blame it on a dead person. It should be a law that you have to write a will once you reach a certain age when you are most likely to know what you want done with your belongings, once you are gone. In the future if you get damaged (mentally or physically), your belongings will go to the appropriate place. Euthanasia should and will hopefully be charged as murder in all cases. There is no exception for killing anyone even if they say they want to be killed. Nowdays it is very easy to forge anything especially an assisted suicide pleadge. The Australian Legal System is constructed so that it is practically impossible for someShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia = Murder Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe pain and the suffering that you may go through, and without your consent a doctor decides to pull the plug on you. Although that may be what you want, that would be known as human euthanasia. Why would someone want to legalize such a thing? Don’t you value your life enough to hope to stay alive? If euthanasia were legal, how would people think of doctors who practiced this form of homicide? Doctors are supposed to be our healers and protectors of the sick and disabled. We as patients hopeRead More Euthanasia Essay: Mercy Killing or Murder?1333 Words   |  6 PagesEuthanasia: Mercy Killing or Murder?      Ã‚   We, as humans, are mortal beings.   Our life span is finite.   Even though we are mortal, we try to hang onto our lives as long as we can; fear of death and wanting to live forever are, after all, part of human nature.   Sometimes, however, the field of medicine capitalizes on this aspect of humanity. While it is certainly true that one goal of medicine has always been to prolong life, another goal has been the alleviation of pain and suffering.   One pointRead MoreEssay about Euthanasia as Mercy or Murder1311 Words   |  6 PagesEuthanasia as Mercy or Murder In keeping with the root definition of euthanasia- literally [meaning] good death- [supporters] of euthanasia insist they are talking about helping terminally ill patients in insufferable pain die a dignified death- at the patients request. But this bears no resemblance to the true picture of the actual practice of euthanasia in the United States (Lyons np). Passive euthanasia is death by nonintervention, meaning a health care worker can discontinueRead MoreEssay about Active Euthanasia is Murder2447 Words   |  10 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚   Euthanasia is not about the right to die. Its about the right to kill.-International Anti-Euthanasia Task Force  Ã‚  Ã‚   It seems impossible for me to claim I am anti-euthanasia or pro-euthanasia because there are two ways of participating in the process...active or passive.   After researching the topic, I have concluded that I cannot support active euthanasia because it seems to follow the same principle as homicide...one person killing another. I do not believe it is anyones right to decideRead MoreEuthanasia: Murder or Mercy? Essay1665 Words   |  7 Pagesa way as to reach an impasse amongst two opposing parties. Euthanasia happens to be a topic that has been debated extensively for the larger part of the twenty-first century (Larue). Even the definition of euthanasia evokes mixed emotions: the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy (Merriam-Webster). The s truggle over whether euthanasia should be accepted as a common practice is majorly stimulatedRead MoreEssay about Euthanasia: Mercy or Murder?2228 Words   |  9 PagesAccording to the Collins Canadian English Dictionary euthanasia is defined as â€Å"the act of killing someone painlessly, especially to relieve his or her suffering† (2004). Not everyone agrees with this definition. I have always believed that euthanasia was the human choice of ending another persons life because of the excruciating pain they are suffering due to an incurable disease. Some disciplines think that euthanasia should never be an option no matter what the situation. While other disciplinesRead More Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia are Murder Essay1903 Words   |  8 PagesEuthanasia is Murder      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On June 4, 1990, Janet Adkins committed suicide. She killed herself under the supervision of a man named Jack Kevorkian. Again and again, Kevorkian set up machines and killed patients that were supposedly terminally ill. He escaped punishment for years, but on March 26, 1999, Kevorkian was incarcerated for second-degree murder. (Online,99) He had developed many friends and many enemies. One of his followers was a woman who had developed coronary artery disease. HerRead MoreEssay about Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide are Murder995 Words   |  4 PagesAssisted Suicide is Murder    If suicide is a right, then it is one that has remained undiscovered throughout the ages by the great thinkers in law, ethics, philosophy and theology. It appears nowhere in the Bible or the Koran or the Talmud. Committing suicide wasnt a right a thousand years ago, and it isnt one now. Thats why most societies, including our own, have passed laws against it (Callahan, pg. 71). Assisted suicide is murder! In all of history, there are only three circumstancesRead More Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide: Nice Words for Murder2054 Words   |  9 PagesIncreasingly, in the courts and the media and in conversation, we are hearing about euthanasia and the so-called right to die. Its time we all are fully informed about what is going on, and what the appropriate response should be. Euthanasia is not a future problem. It is a present problem. It is happening now and becoming increasingly accepted. And we are asleep, not realizing that the road we are on will lead to the massive elimination of the elderly and incompetent, and anyone else consideredRead MoreEuthanasi The Treatment Of Euthanasia846 Words   |  4 Pagesall forms of Euthanasia, whether passive or active, is a great way to aid and relieve patients with terminal or life threatening illnesses which makes their life unbearable and unliveable. Euthanasia in general is a steady process of ‘assisted suicide’ that aids the patient in ending one’s life with their consent or the consent of their close family member. Active Euthanasia is when death is intentionally accelerated, for example by the injection of a lethal drug; while Passive Euthanasia is the withdrawal

Innovation Diffusion of Successive Generations †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Innovation Diffusion of Successive Generations. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on the supply chain management of the Nike. It explains that how the company is using key flows of supply chain management to meet long-term objectives and goals within the organization. It describes production planning process and MRP system of the Nike. Further, it also explains the significance of the demand planning and forecasting to maintain a proper stock in near future (Qrunfleh Tarafdar, 2014). Nike Inc. is an American multinational company which is engaged in the development, design, manufacturing of footwear, equipment, accessories, apparel, and services. Its headquartered is located in Washington, Oregon United States. It is one of the biggest suppliers of the apparel and athletic shoes and largest manufacturer of sports equipment. The company is increasing and enhancing its revenue and profit day by day. There are approx 62,600 employees employed in the company. The firm was founded on 25 January 1964. The main aim of the Nike is to achieve the long-term mission and vision of the firm by using effective and unique marketing strategies within the organization. The other objective of the firm is to increase and enhance the profit of the shareholders around the world. Nike is one of the biggest and well-known brands in the world (Swink, Melnyk, Cooper and Hartley, 2014). A supply chain is a system of the people, organization, information, activities, and resources involved in moving a product, goods, and service from supplier to customer in the global market. Supply chain management helps to improve the customer relationship in the universal market. Through effective and unique supply chain management, the firm is able to gain the competitive advantages in the global market. There are various key flows of the supply chain management which have been described as below (Parmigiani, Klassen Russo, 2011). The product flow of the Nike is very good and unique. The production flow also includes the packaging and sample services. The product flow includes the movement and transfer of goods and products from suppliers to the customers. The product flow also includes the rejection and returns of the flow within the organization. The suppliers, distributors, wholesaler, manufacturer, consumers, and retailers include in the production flow. Nike Inc. is a growth company which looks for team members to explore and expand the business activities globally. The company has committed to employing a diverse labor force in the organization. A typical production flow system is used by the company to provide various athletic and sports products to the customers around the world. Along with this, it uses effective and unique strategies to reach its target audience globally. In addition, it focuses on the supply strategies to reduce the prices of the products and it can also help to provide the products at appropriate prices. In addition, the firm uses cross docking techniques and methods in production flow to increase the revenue in the global market (Ross, 2013). The management information system is used by the Nike to provide several kinds of information to the customers in the market. The company uses various types of software to analyze and evaluate the data. The main aim of the information flow is to resolve the problems and queries of the customers. The company provides useful and appropriate information and knowledge by using of information system within the organization. Further, information system helps to collect and gather the feedback and reviews from the customers related to the Nike products and services around the world. Along with this, Nike uses effective technologies to maintain proper coordination and cooperation with customers in the world. Therefore, information flow plays a vital and integral role to attain the long-term success and growth within the organization (Tang, Musa, 2011). The company also maintains adequate and appropriate cash flow within the organization. To manage the cash flow, the company focuses on the cash payables and cash receivables effectively and wisely. Along with this, the firm also collects money from customers. The company is trying to increase the sale of the athletic products and apparel to attain the long-term vision and mission of the firm. It will also help to increase the cash flow of the Nike. Before buying the products of the Nike, the customer checks and evaluates the prices and quality of the products. Further, the firm has also extended the payment cycle period of the Nike. Gradually, the cash flow of the Nike is reducing day by day (Seuring, 2013). Return flow is used by the Nike to reduce the risks and challenges of the market. The company uses return and reverse logistic technologies and methods to manage and control the return flow of the Nike products in the world. When the company is not able to produce the products as per the requirement and expectations of the consumers then the company have to return the products to the producer and stores. Further, the firm returns damage and defective products to the stores. In this way, the company shows loyalty and faith at the workplace to increase the number of customers globally (Swink, Melnyk, Cooper Hartley, 2014). It has been recommended that Nike should improve the key flows supply chain management system to manage and control the various activities effectively and wisely. The company must promote information communication and technology system to maintain reciprocal cooperation with customers in the market. Along with this, return flow and cash flow must be managed and evaluated by the Nike to maximize the profit of the firm (Soosay, Fearne Varsei, 2014). Production planning process The company manufactures its products in more than 600 factories with an effective and unique workforce in approx 46 countries. Nike follows vertically integrated model for producing the apparel and footwear. Along with this, transformation process can be used by the company. In addition, the company uses effective production planning strategy to do effective and efficient planning for producing new products in the market. In production planning process, the company needs to focus on the material, stocks, location and period of production etc. The company makes effective plans to understand and evaluate the future outcomes and results (Ranganathan, Teo Dhaliwal, 2011). The main aim of the production planning process is to predict the types of resources which are required in an organization for manufacturing the products worldwide. The four major activities involved in production planning processes such as sequencing, loading, scheduling, control, and monitoring. Along with this, the company needs to look after the machines, and material to gain and maximize the profit of the Nike. Apart from this, the company also focuses on the marketing mix strategy to overcome on the competitors around the world. Furthermore, the production planning process also includes packaging and annual sales and operation process of the Nike. Through effective and unique production planning process, the company is able to produce a variety of the shoe with different color and designs to attain long-term goals and targets of the company. During production planning process, Nike focuses on the needs and requirements of the childrens and women (Kreng Wang, 2013). The material requirement planning system and process play a vital role in Nike. It provides various types of information about the manufacturing needs and requirements as well as information about the inventory level. Mainly, material requirement planning process focuses on the utilizing inventory. MRP is the scheduling, planning and inventory control system to manage and control the manufacturing process and procedure within the organization. MRP is the computer-based system which is used by the Nike to coordinate and communicate manufacturing, purchasing, and delivery within the organization. Apart from this, the company uses bills of material in the material requirement planning process to produce the specific goods and products at reasonable prices in the organization. A bill of material includes the data and information related to the raw material and suppliers in the market (Christopher, Christopher, Holweg Holweg, 2017). Although effective material requirement planning process is used by the company still some improvements are needed within the organization to accomplish the goals and objectives of the Nike. The company should maintain effective ERP system within the organization. Effective communication and collaboration must be maintained by the firm to expand and explore the business activities globally. Furthermore, the firm should improve the production process and MRP system to maintain a good image in the world. The firm must also an effective advertisement and promotional strategies to promote the athletic products globally. In this way, the company can improve and enhance the level of satisfaction of the consumers (Chen Notteboom, 2012). The supply chain forecasting helps to maintain a balance between supply and demand of customers within the organization. Nike uses supply chain forecasting technique to estimate the demand and supply of the athletic products and apparel globally (Boldt, Vinayagamoorthy, Winder, Schnittger, Ekran, Mukkamala Vatrapu, 2016). Demand planning and forecasting Demand planning and demand forecasting are the important concepts of the supply chain management. Technology plays an integral role to develop and enhance the supply chain within the organization. The company uses the effective information system to gather the information related to the stores and shops to sell the products of the Nike. Further, the company uses various methods to evaluate and analyze the demand of the customers such as survey methods, Delphi methods, and market experiment method. Along with this qualitative and quantitative approaches are used by the company to determine the demand of the customers within the organization. In addition, data warehousing model is implemented by the company to estimate the demand and behavior of the consumers. Nike also uses the forecasting evaluation and accuracy techniques and methods to analyze and evaluate the future demand of the customers and to find out the accuracy of the records which have been maintained by the company. Furth ermore, it uses mean squared error, mean deviation and absolute mean deviation methods to identify and evaluate the demand of the consumers. In this way, the company is able to identify and evaluate the demand of the target market in the world. The company makes effective planning and forecasting to measure the demand and requirements of the customers. The employees focus on the feedbacks which are received from the customers to improve the quality and design of the products (Sabbaghi Sabbaghi, 2011). Recommendations Now it recommended that the Nike must use the CPFR (collaborative, planning, forecasting, and replenishment) policies and strategies to meet the long-term targets worldwide. Along with this, the company must use the ERP system and MRP system within the organization to ensure the maximum utilization of resources in the organization. Apart from this, the company should maintain a good and reciprocal relationship with suppliers, vendors, customers, and manufacturer etc to enhance and increase the growth and success of the company. Furthermore, Nike should motivate and encourage employees to do work effectively and efficiently for increasing the productivity and revenue of the company. The company must use effective inventory management to maintain an appropriate inventory level within the organization (Kang, 2015). Conclusion On the above discussion, it has been evaluated that Nike plays a vital and significant role in order to attain the long-term success and growth within the organization. Furthermore, the company uses effective supply chain management and ERP system to fulfill the requirements and desires of the customers in the organization. In addition, effective and successful production planning process and MRP system are used by the company in order to beat the competitors and to maintain sustainability within the organization. Apart from this, the company is also improving its demand forecasting model to increase the sales of the customers within the organization. Nike uses various key flows of the supply chain management to manage and handle the activities of the business. Nike must improve its strategies, plans, and policies to gain competitive advantages in the global market (Acar Gardner, 2012). References Acar, Y., Gardner, E. S. (2012). Forecasting method selection in a global supply chain.International Journal of Forecasting,28(4), 842-848. Boldt, L. C., Vinayagamoorthy, V., Winder, F., Schnittger, M., Ekran, M., Mukkamala, R. R., ... Vatrapu, R. (2016, December). Forecasting Nike's sales using Facebook data. InBig Data (Big Data), 2016 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 2447-2456). IEEE. Chen, L., Notteboom, T. (2012). Determinants for assigning value-added logistics services to logistics centers within a supply chain configuration.Journal of International Logistics and Trade,10(1), 3. Christopher, M., Christopher, M., Holweg, M., Holweg, M. (2017). Supply chain 2.0 revisited: a framework for managing volatility-induced risk in the supply chain.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,47(1), 2-17. Kang, J. H. (2015).Inventory optimization model for NIKE's long lifecycle highly seasonal replenishment products(Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Kreng, V. B., Wang, B. J. (2013). An innovation diffusion of successive generations by system dynamicsAn empirical study of Nike Golf Company.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,80(1), 77-87. Parmigiani, A., Klassen, R. D., Russo, M. V. (2011). Efficiency meets accountability: Performance implications of supply chain configuration, control, and capabilities.Journal of Operations Management,29(3), 212-223. Qrunfleh, S., Tarafdar, M. (2014). Supply chain information systems strategy: Impacts on supply chain performance and firm performance.International Journal of Production Economics,147, 340-350. Ranganathan, C., Teo, T. S., Dhaliwal, J. (2011). Web-enabled supply chain management: Key antecedents and performance impacts.International Journal of Information Management,31(6), 533-545. Ross, D. F. (2013).Competing through supply chain management: creating market-winning strategies through supply chain partnerships. Springer Science Business Media. Sabbaghi, A., Sabbaghi, N. (2011). Global supply-chain strategy and global competitiveness.International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER),3(7). Seuring, S. (2013). A review of modeling approaches for sustainable supply chain management.Decision support systems,54(4), 1513-1520. Soosay, C., Fearne, A., Varsei, M. (2014). Extending sustainable practices beyond organizations to supply chains. InLinking Local and Global Sustainability(pp. 71-90). Springer Netherlands. Swink, M., Melnyk, S.A., Cooper, M.B. Hartley, J.L. (2014). Managing operations across the supply chain(pp. 248-249), New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Swink, M., Melnyk, S.A., Cooper, M.B. and Hartley, J.L. (2014). Managing operations across the supply chain (pp. 248-249), New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Tang, O., Musa, S. N. (2011). Identifying risk issues and research advancements in supply chain risk management.International journal of production economics,133(1), 25-34.

Third Party Investigation Of Lincoln Hospital Free Solution

Questions: Part A: A.1. Process that help to resolve the problems of Lincoln Hospital as President.A.2. The process of identifying the issue and provide related solution rather than OD consultant of Lincoln Hospital.A.3. Appropriateness of third party intervention and other possible OD interventions.Part B:B.1 Descriptions of Specific actions and intervention that effective in third party interventions and improved outcomes. Answers: Executive Summary Lincoln Hospital Was experiencing a wide range of issues within their workplace including divided of staffs into several group that especially notices between the two groups named Don and Mary. Apart from that, there are also other issues such as scheduling issues, turnover issues, communication issues, service delays, etc. For this reason, this report reflects the process that resolves issues for Lincoln Hospital from the point of view of a president. However, the study identifies potential problems and provides relevant solution. In part B, this study reflects the specific actions that already taken by the president for organizational change at Lincoln. Apart from that, the report mentions the obstacle that arises during the implementation of improvement plan along with recommendations. Introduction Leal Filho (2013) presumed that change management is the core part of an organisation. Process of change management mitigate the current issues for the organisation and change the aspects of people. However, for future development of an organisation in the hospitality industry, change management is the most useful and appropriate process (Knieling Leal Filho, 2013). This report displays the third party intervention for Lincoln Hospital. This report consists two different parts. In part A, this report demonstrates the process of resolving issues that identify in the case study. In addition, in this part also describes the different OD consultant procedure in terms of solving problems. Explain the possible OD intervention for Lincoln Hospital in this part A. In part B, concern about the specific interventions, actions, and approaches that effectively improve the current situation of Lincoln Hospital according to needs and demands of their director. However, this part also utilise the possible problems to implementing the improvement plan. Part A: A.1. Process that help to resolve the problems of Lincoln Hospital as President As a president of Lincoln, Hospital to resolve the problem, need to change a wide range of things that relates with the hospital of Lincoln. In the given case study contracting process was not descriptive between the president of hospital and OD consultant. For this reason, the outcome of this contract was not set effective process and unable to make necessary efforts. However, as a president of Lincoln Hospital there are several suggestion for establishing effective as well as efficient contract that suit better between all parties. According to the Graetz Smith (2010), the process of contract must be intervened that determine the exact way of OD process along with the flow. Apart from that, contract that made must embrace all parties of Lincoln Hospital including Don and Mary. This process helps in ensuring their contribution towards the process and procedure of Lincoln Hospital along with expectations based on resources and time. In addition, this contract should fulfill the objectives within the constraints of hospital. By et al. (2012) acknowledged that, through this contract consultant of OD can make his or her expectation from the point of view of organization process. As a president of Lincoln Hospital need to conduct contract that involved all parties along with clarifying their commitment of resource and time. Within the organizational process, Mary and Don have to agree with the consultant and participate centrally (Gerth, 2013). However, it is suggested that entirely sensitive information keep in safe and the guideline that relates with the correspondence must determine in the contract. As a president of Lincoln Hospital, it has been guided diagnostic part has to provide all description to the president. However, in order to create balanced and objective vision it has been suggested that Don and Mary never attend initial meeting along with their team member within the workplace. OD consultant of the Lincoln Hospital has to depend largely in terms of collection of data for further interpretation and analyzed it in terms of identifying issues that firmly concentrate on the process of set up steps that attain success and mitigate commitment problems. A.2. The process of identifying the issue and provide related solution rather than OD consultant of Lincoln Hospital Du Gay Vikkelsa (2012) argued that third party intervention within the organisational process of a hospital turned out to an accurate intervention. As a result, hospital gets positive outcome in terms of making decision for future success. From the point of view of Lincoln Hospital case study, third party intervention within the process may decrease lack of commitment between Mary and Don. In addition, third party intervention in the process of Hospital will develop effective function and set incredible process for the entire hospital. Unlike OD consultant, need to get Don and Mary for better vision in their past difference. Developing a set of procedure and contract between Mary and Don, president has to develop better cooperation between them in a productive manner. This process will help Mary and Don in realising their characteristic that unaware and their contribution to the hospital. Apart from that, this process will also help the Lincoln Hospital in generating benefits as Don and Mary are provoking the symptoms of subsequent in terms of take place entire levels of Lincoln Hospital. However, as the majority details were retrieved from Don and Mary as well as other parties, this process will allow for increasing objective details and unbiased information during the process of diagnosis (Dti.delaware.gov, 2015). Third party intervention will also assist in implementing problem resolutions properly and the way that is more effective. However, third party intervention will collect information with effective and analysing that data according to the foundation of recommended intervention. Thus, it will increase the Don and Mary with a chance of making their contribution from the point of view of problem solution. This process provides completely new instrument to the Mary and Don in order to interact and meet with their use method in the future. A.3. Appropriateness of third party intervention and other possible OD interventions Third party intervention is an appropriate method according to the case study of Lincoln Hospital in terms of solving the problems completely as well as properly. Third party intervention creates some additional distributing affects to the organisation current process of Lincoln Hospital that increase the disagreement between the Mary and Don. Apart from that, other problems are also relevant to the solution of third party intervention. However, third party intervention provides require solution at all levels of Lincoln Hospital. In addition, third party intervention is the appropriate procedure for controlling both parties Mary and Don over the issue resolutions (Psc.qld.gov.au, 2015). It is also accepted mutual responsibility for the staffs of Lincoln Hospital within the workplace situation. Third party intervention provides the ability in concentrating the new solutions instead of personal vision of the related problems. There are also several OD interventions instead of the current OD consultant of Lincoln Hospital. Third party intervention is not able to disappear the conflict between Mary and Don completely. In order to resolve the conflict problem between Mary and Don, process consultation will be the best attempt. Burnes (2010) argued that, process consultation approach will increase flexibility in terms of commitment of time for the entire levels parties within the workplace of Lincoln Hospital. Apart from that, continuing practice will helps in obtaining new behavioural approach for Lincoln Hospital staffs that brings a positive outcome. From the point of view of given third-party intervention, this case study has not any long term impact. Outcome evidence of third party intervention provides a positive influence and describes ineffective organisation and interpersonal tension between the Mary and Don. In order to bring the effective commitment between Mary and Don within the workplace along with the team member of OR (Operating Room) has to take more responsibility on a regular basis. Apart from that, in order to mitigate issue between Mary and Don, OR has to provide effective productivity process named Intergroup Relations Interventions (IRI) to the customers along with quality service by influencing team member of Lincoln Hospital (Durodia, 2011). Need to provide training for controlling attitude and behaviour within workplace. It should help in resolving impossible problems within the workplace of hospital without active participation, as well as support from Don and Mary. Third party intervention successfully increases the commitments of Mary and Don within workplace of Lincoln Hospital and need to build the way that helps in understanding the benefits of trustful relations within the hospital industry. Jones Recardo (2013) cited that the long-term outcome of the third party intervention depends based on the commitment of both parties and with their support within the workplace of an organisation. Other Possible OD interventions Intergroup Relations Interventions (IRI) Process Consultation Salah et al. (2011) argued that intergroup conflict intervention is the method that specifically designs for mitigating contract problems within the workplace of hospital. For this reason, it helps to resolve the conflict problems between the two groups such as Don and Mary. However, an application stage of IRI resembles several tactics that generate successful results for the third party intervention within Lincoln Hospital. It helps in setting up the several activities within the workplace of Lincoln Hospital including group norms, leadership and authority, communications, functional roles of the group members, decision-making and group problem-solving. Part B: B.1 Descriptions of Specific actions and intervention that effective in third party interventions and improved outcomes Within the organisational process of Lincoln Hospital, third party intervention was most effective because the president used several tactics in order to identify the potential problem of Lincoln hospital. There are three different ways that made third-party intervention effective such as Figure 1: Effectiveness of Third Party Intervention (Source: Created By Author) Tactics Used However, it has been identified that, involved third party intervention diagnosis properly in terms of finding out the major problems of organisation. Based on the diagnosis, intervention identified that both parties such as Don and Mary along with their team member is the main problem of Lincoln Hospital. Apart from that, in term of reducing the problem, third party intervention gather information via preliminary interview of entire staffs within the workplace of Lincoln Hospital. Apart from that, method of preliminary interviewing was also allowed to gather huge information from the tea members of Lincoln Hospital. Sustaining Momentum On the other hand, using several activities of sustaining momentum, staying the course and developing new competencies, third party intervention developed effective way within the organisation of Lincoln Hospital that allowed both parties including Mary and Don Control over their intended. According to the Kumar Singhal (2012) sustaining momentum commitment to the changes of organisational and refers to the energy of success. In addition, Price van Dick (2012) acknowledged that there are five different activities that help in attaining sustaining momentum within an organisation especially in the hospital sector such as Resource for Change: In order to change the organisational process, need to provide several resources. However, within the workplace of Lincoln Hospital, third party intervention develops the contract and describes details about the contract. This process allowed to build a way that control over the commitment of Mary and Don along with their team members. Support System: Sibbet (2013) argued that for attaining sustaining momentum required to build support system for the change agent. Within the workplace of Lincoln Hospital, third party intervention uses information that collected from the staffs individually. These underlying factors were allowed to develop possible way for increasing as well as improving relationship between Mary and Don. Reinforcing new behaviour: DRH reinforcement shaping is used in Lincoln Hospital workplace. It was reinforced the behaviour that occurs from staffs, as well as Mary and Don. This intervention decreased the amount of time that available for lack of appropriateness behaviour. Building new competencies and skills: In order to build skills and knowledge, intervention adopts training process within the workplace. On the other hand, in terms of building new competencies, intervention created five different stage such as treat the problem solving process as a project, utilize holistic strategy, dedicated like a team, treat it as change and secure sponsorship. Planned Model to Change Proper planning and the procedure of implementation was the potential stage of effectiveness of third party intervention in the organisational process of Lincoln Hospital. This would allow third party intervention in attaining solution regarding the arise problems of Lincoln Hospital. B.2 Process that used to evaluate the effectiveness of actions and interventions Following diagram shows the process that used in evaluating the effectiveness and interventions and specific actions within the organisational process of Lincoln Hospital. Figure 2: Organisational System diagnosis Model (Source: Salah et al. 2011, pp- 260) Input Organisational Design: In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention of third party and specific actions, first design the organisational structure functionally. Third party intervention designed the organisational structure with varies of several department according to the needs and requirement of business. Personal Characteristics: Motivate staffs to work goal oriented and committed them towards attaining successful of business. Thrives the uncertainty and provide the continuous look for improving opportunity. Build creativity for making decision and running the Lincoln Hospital. Design Components Skills Variety: In order to achieve success and mitigate the problems of Lincoln Hospital, involve member based on skills. Employee is recruited regarding performance and skills both individual work as well as group work. Task Identity: Identify the relationship between Mary and Don and develop plan to decrease problems between both parties. It helped in mitigating problems between the two parties and improving relationship. Task Significance: Both Mary and Don are important for running business of Lincoln Hospital. For this reason, need to develop a good relationship between the two parties. From this point of view, president of Lincoln has to resolve issues that affect negatively within the business operation of Lincoln. Feedback about Results: In order to improve organisational performance, need to take a review of the results. Regular meeting with the staffs helps in understanding current job performance within the organisation. B.3 Possible obstacles to implementing improvement plan and process to overcome In order to implement the involvement plan of third party intervention within the organisational process of Lincoln Hospital, there are several obstacles faced by the president such as Lack of Time Time was the key problem of implementing improvement plan for Lincoln Hospital. Due to lack of time, president was not able to set up good relationship with Mary and Don. Recommendation In order to mitigate this problem, President has to budget for time leadership. Need to configure the implementation process of improvement plan routinely that will help in leading the project. Unsupportive Colleagues Within the workplace of Lincoln Hospital, staffs are divided into two different groups. Don handled one group, and Mary handled other. For this reason, members of both group never support to implement the new plan for improvement due to several issues. This was one important obstacle to implementing improvement plan. Recommendation In order to reduce this problem, President of Lincoln has to understand the staff's motivation. However, according to the motivation has to be prepared proper planning that changes staff's behaviour. In addition, in terms of implementing improvement plan, President of Lincoln has to be strategic as well as proactive. Insufficient resources It was also a major problem during implementation of third party intervention plan within Lincoln Hospital. Due to insufficient resources, president was unable to implement the plan successfully. As a result, difference between Mary and Don never closed within Lincoln. Recommendation However, in terms of attaining sufficient resources need to make a commitment for change within the entire levels of Lincoln. Develop proper plan and priorities towards change. Identify the size of the opportunity. Evaluate the results with the collected feedback from staffs. Conclusion This report described the implementation of third party intervention for Lincoln Hospital. Change management process that provides the information about change strategies, resistance to change, managing change, organisational change and communicating change. This report provides the way of changes that firmly connected with the responsibility of other people that has an effective role within the organisation. Third party intervention empowers the participation of Mary and Don with an opportunity that offers effective solutions. In order to diagnosis the organisation problem third party intervention, used rigorous analysis that helps in analysing the Lincoln's problem critically. Reference List Books Gerth, C. (2013). Business process models. Berlin: Springer. Jones, D., Recardo, R. (2013). Leading and implementing business change management. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Knieling, J., Leal Filho, W. (2013). Climate change governance. Berlin: Springer. Leal Filho, W. (2013). Climate change and disaster risk management. Heidelberg: Springer. Sibbet, D. (2013). Visual leaders. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Journals Burnes, B. (2010). Call for Papers: Journal of Change Management. Journal Of Change Management, 10(2), 241-242. By, R., Burnes, B., Oswick, C. (2012). Change Management: Leadership, Values and Ethics. Journal Of Change Management, 12(1), 1-5 Du Gay, P., Vikkelsa, S. (2012). Reflections: On the Lost Specification of Change. Journal Of Change Management, 12(2), 121-143. Durodia, B. (2011). Reconciling growing energy demand with climate change management. Global Change, Peace Security, 23(2), 271-282. doi:10.1080/14781158.2011.580968 Gover, L., Duxbury, L. (2012). Organizational Faultlines: Social Identity Dynamics and Organizational Change. Journal Of Change Management, 12(1), 53-75. Graetz, F., Smith, A. (2010). Managing Organizational Change: A Philosophies of Change Approach. Journal Of Change Management, 10(2), 135-154. Kumar, P., Singhal, M. (2012). Reducing change management complexity: aligning change recipient sensemaking to change agent sensegiving. International Journal Of Learning And Change, 6(3/4), 138. Price, D., van Dick, R. (2012). Identity and Change: Recent Developments and Future Directions. Journal Of Change Management, 12(1), 7-11. Salah, S., Rahim, A., Carretero, J. (2011). Total Company-Wide Management System (TCWMS): culture change management considerations. International Journal Of Strategic Change Management, 3(4), 260. Websites Dti.delaware.gov, (2015). Retrieved 29 January 2015, from https://dti.delaware.gov/majorproj/pdf/apps031309.pdf Psc.qld.gov.au, (2015). Retrieved 29 January 2015, from https://www.psc.qld.gov.au/publications/subject-specific-publications/assets/change-management-best-practice-guide.pdf

Ship Essays - Ship, Ships Preserved In Museums,

Ship Ship Archeologists found 3 shipwrecks that show the different stages of shipwreck building and how they tried to improve in cost and in labor. Archeologists describe the different cargos, and possible explanations on how it was sunk. The archeologist also built scale models of the ship and also tries to build the original ships back and in a sense "enters" the ship maker's life and discovers some problems he might have had, and how he built the ship. The Greek shipwreck of Kyrenea occurred near 500 B.C. in the Mediterranean Sea. On this voyage its cargo was large wine containers called amphorae. The amphorae were found all stacked up neatly on one side, and all clustered on the other side. This proves that when the vessel hit the ocean floor it was leaning on one side and eventually the other side collapsed and all the amphorae got scattered. They found 403 intact amphorae and compared them to the previously collected amphorae and then determined the date of the shipwreck. The archeologists also determined that it was sunk sometime in September by all the fig leaves that were found on board. How the ship sank remained a mystery until they found eight iron spears in the ship but no gold, but there is a lack of bones. They determined that pirates sank it because pirating was not an uncommon thing at that age in time. The Kyrenea was built "Hull First" this is the beginning of the ship building evolution. The shipwreck of Yassi Ada is the next shipwreck to happen in chronological order. It was build sometime near 625 A.D. and was dated by the coins found on board. It was build half hull first then the rest frame first proving an evolution of shipbuilding. Found inscribed is the ship were Greek words translated "This ship belongs to George, Sr. Sea Captain." The Arabian shipwreck of Serge Liman took place in about 1025 A.D. and was dated by a Arabian glass bottle found on board. The bottle was round in shape and had a long arabian neck. This is one of a few left that were found intact. The ship was carying glass that was to be recycled from an old glass factory because the millions of shattered glass peices could not be assembled together and they also found peices that were molten. This ship was built frame first, the cheapest and easiest way to build ships. This is the last ship building evolution step to occur. The ship building evolution occurred because people always needed cheaper ways to build ships and ways that would reduce labor costs. Ships where first built hull first and as time progressed they started building ships half hull first half frame first, and finally only frame first. Frame first is the most advanced because the hull can be bent to size and held together by iron nails.

Market Segments Example

Market Segments Example Market Segments – Article Example Market Segments affiliation Market Segments Research ethics is a wide umbrella that deals with the responsible conduct of research and its entire component. Research ethics, therefore, means putting into action moral rules and observation of professional codes of conduct during data collection, reporting, analysis and publication of information regarding the observation, research subjects, application and results. A good research must observe scholarly integrity. It refers to the ethical decision, professional conduct and the manner in which mentoring, teaching, scholarship; research is carried out in the course of the scholar (Vitell, 2003). Human subjects often get involved in research, and this involves the use of human beings as a subject in the investigation and incorporates both data collected and analysed, in order to answer some questions. An example is in the analysis of specimen, biological, behavioural and epidemiological studies mostly in medical research. In involving hu man as a subject in any research, the ethical guidelines must be followed to the letter. The regulations were put to protect these subjects from abuse(Orb, Eisenhauer, & Wynaden, 2001).The attached journal describes how segmentation is changing the insight in contemporary services and marketing practices. It explores market segment in product service system different companies. Market segmentation is mainly regarded as an essential tool for customer proposition development, selection and mass communication. The article describes events that trigger and directing companies of how to handle customers (Bailey et al 2009).The data was collected through interviews in various companies. Confidentiality was observed during the interview since it involved interviewing workers on insight on how they handle customers, as well as how the management handle workers. Confidentiality of customers were seen as they provided some information, not in favour of the companies and companies’ work ers. Consents were obtained from the interviewees, and they were given coded names to avoid identity.As per the assessment, ethics in research was well observed. It can be concluded so basing the fact that confidentiality was well observed(Weaver, 2001).ReferencesBailey, C., Baines, P. R., Wilson, H., & Clark, M. (2009). Segmentation and customer insight in contemporary services marketing practice: why grouping customers is no longer enough. Journal Of Marketing Management, 25(3/4), 227-252.Orb, A., Eisenhauer, L., & Wynaden, D. (2001). Ethics in qualitative research. Journal of Nursing Scholarship†¯: An Official Publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing / Sigma Theta Tau, 33, 93–96. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2001.00093.xVitell, S. J. (2003). Consumer Ethics Research: Review, Synthesis and Suggestions for the Future. In Journal of Business Ethics (Vol. 43, pp. 33–47). doi:10.1023/A:1022907014295Weaver, G. R. (2001). Ethics programs in glo bal businesses: Culture’s role in managing ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 30, 3–15. doi:10.1023/A:1006475223493

Trust and Interpersonal Relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trust and Interpersonal Relationships - Essay Example appears to be an omnipresent definition of trust, which is associated with codes or beliefs and morals, so it appears to be a tenuous concept that we value but are unable to completely agree on. Rather than thinking of trust as a state, it is better to think of it as an interactive process (Six, 2007, p.285) wherein two people ‘trustor’ and ‘trustee’ mutually gain knowledge of â€Å"each other’s trustworthiness in different situations.† (Six, 2007, p.285) In other words, it is a ‘reciprocal process’ wherein both people are concerned in developing trust; as each person is concurrently ‘trustor’ and ‘trustee’, the actions of both need to guided by stability within the team. One way to guide stability within a team is to provide group guidelines or policies, which include clear and precise expectations of each group member, thereby creating a â€Å"stable normative frame.† (Six, 2007, p.292) In doing so, it is important to explain the team’s specific purpose or mission. This will help unite and solidify the team in a shared purpose, which in turn helps to develop trust. Six (2007) speaks of ‘trust enhancing organizational policies,’ wherein because each person’s ‘frame’ impacts on that of another in the team, each individual has an interest in the social context in which he operates. He suggests that three types of trust enhancing organizational policies can help to maintain trust among team members. The first is to formulate the ‘norms and values’ for team members to work within; the second is to provide ‘normative controls’ or ‘value-based controls,’ which promote required performance, actions and results. Team members are motivated by ‘internal commitment’ and ‘strong identification’ with common aims, and self satisfaction of their own work, which again helps to promote and maintain trust within the group; and the third concerns new team members. He believes that trust can be established between the new member

The effects of interest rate liberalization to the risk of commercial Literature review

The effects of interest rate liberalization to the risk of commercial banks in china - Literature review Example Under such method levying of extra charges of loan is not allowed. Researchers say during 1974-1978 Development Plans, the government of different countries felt the need to review the interest rate in order to encourage the savings through the bank and to create disincentive to eradicate the speculation and uneconomic use of savings by the borrowers. During 1980 the interest rate policy was used to achieve the following objectives. Firstly interest rate policy was aimed to keep the general level of interest rate positive so that savings can be encouraged and contribute to the maintenance of financial stability in real terms. Secondly it was framed to allow greater flexibility and greater competition amongst the banks and non banking financing institution in order to enhance the effective and efficient allocation of financial resources. Thirdly the policy was objected to reduce the differential and to maximize the lending’s of banks. After 1974 a review on the interest rate li beralization was done during 1980 which allowed commercials banks to get a better room to complete and to have a better flexibility to meet the need of the customers (Ngugi and Kabubo, March 1998, pp. - 9-10). As per to Feyzioglu, Porter and Takas (2009); interest rate liberalization provide with many benefits. ... On contrary interest rate liberalization also exert a negative impact on the financial sector (Feyzioglu, Porter and Takas, 2009). Again according to Shih (2011), interest rate liberalization reduces the cost of governance for central bankers. He added that interest rate liberalization gets affected with short term political incentives. But in long term liberalization of lending interest rates reduces the need for central bank official to ration the credit (Shih, September 2011, pp. – 437-438). The Current Researches on the Interest Rate Liberalization The researchers Bekaert, Harvey and Lundblad (April 2001) demonstrated that interest liberalization increase growth. They observed that the interest rate liberalization lead to a percent increase in the annual per capita GDP growth. They also added that they did find this growth to be statistically significant. Based on the researches the interest liberalization was also economically important. They examined the same by using a classic growth framework of regression for certain developing countries. They assumed that the human capital variables move from 25th percentile to the median of all countries in consideration. They also moved the size of the government sector and population growth from 75th percentile to the cross sectional median. Then a positive impact on growth was calculated given the changes in these four variables. Next a comparison with liberalization was made. The liberalization indicator added 1.1%. This liberalization contributed 40% of the total growth increment. Researchers also made a keen observation on channels where liberalization had an impact on increased

The smoking in ban south dakota Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The smoking in ban south dakota - Essay Example Cancer, heart diseases, cough, fever, head ache etc are some of the major health problems associated with smoking. Recently the state, South Dakota passed a law saying no smoking in bars restaurants or any public place where people work. Majority of the citizens like the law; however the bar and casino owners do not like it since they are losing business because of the law. Moreover, South Dakota is getting lot of tax revenues from gambling. Dead wood South Dakota is a gambling city. After the smoking ban was passed, dead wood has lost about 16% of its annual profits. Now the question is; should the state government give preference to the interests of the public or to the interests of the business people. This paper argues in favour of smoking ban in South Dakota. Dr. ... It is the basic duty of each government to protect the life/health and properties of its citizens. Smoking is one way of destroying the health of the people and the governments have the moral responsibility to ban it or control it with the help of law. At the same time tobacco products are good sources of tax revenues for the governments. Banning of smoking will result in big financial losses to the governments. When we consider the expenses the governments suffer for treating patients suffering from smoking related health problems, the tax revenue from tobacco product selling is negligible. A committed government can never think in terms of revenues at the expense of the health of its citizens. Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals, of which forty-three are known to cause cancer. Among the more toxic chemicals in tobacco are ammonia, arsenic, carbon monoxide, and benzene. Cigarette smoking is now known to cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease , stroke, multiple cancers (including lung cancer), and adverse reproductive outcomes. Smoking causes about 21 percent of all deaths from heart disease, 86 percent of deaths from lung cancer, and 81 percent of all deaths from chronic lung disease (SMOKING CESSATION) Smoking in public places not only cause disturbances to the nonsmokers, but also it causes severe health problems also to the nonsmokers due to secondary smoke. Morally it is an injustice that a non smoker became the victim of smokers. It is a fact that people can take their own choices with respect to smoking irrespective of the consequences. At the same time they must ensure that their choices may not do any

Implement Synthesizable Square Root Algorithm On Fpga Engineering Essay

Implement Synthesizable Square Root Algorithm On Fpga Engineering Essay The main objective of this paper is to implement synthesizable square root algorithm on FPGA. As square root function is not synthesizable on Silicon, this paper proposes optimized non restoring square root algorithm for unsigned 8 bit number on ED2C20F484C7 device in Cyclone II family. This algorithm is implemented in gate level abstraction of Verilog HDL. The basic building block of the design is CSM (Controlled Subtract Multiplex) block. It makes use of only subtract operation and append 01 which is an improvement over restoring algorithm. Keyword: FPGA,CSM,Verilog HDL,fixed point Introduction The square root function is a basic operation in computer graphic and scientific calculation application. Due to its algorithm complexity, the square root operation is hard to be designed in digital system. As known, digital system has been used in daily life or industrial purpose that may have been in need of square root operation to fully execute its functions. Scientists have developed various algorithms for square root calculation. But the implementation of algorithms is difficult because of their complexities and thus results into long delays for its completion. There are two main families of algorithms that can be used to extract square roots. The first family is that of digit recurrence, which provides one digit (often one bit) of the result at each iteration[6]. Each iteration consists of additions and digit-by-number multiplications (which have comparable cost) Such algorithms have been widely used in microprocessors that didnt include hardware multipliers. Most of the FPGA implementations in vendor tools or in the literature use this approach. Second family of algorithms uses multiplications. It includes quadratic convergence recurrences derived from the Newton-Raphson iteration [5]. The digit recurrence approaches allow one to build minimal hardware, while multiplicative approaches allow one to make the best use of available resources when these include multipliers. Also there are estimation method and digit-by-digit method. Digit-by-digit method is classified into two distinct classes: restoring and non- restoring algorithm [1]. In restoring algorithm, remainder is restored in the regular flow. So its implementation needs more hardware. Compared to the restoring algorithm, the non restoring algorithm does not restore the remainder, which can be implemented with fewest hardware resource and the result is hardware simple implementation. It is most suitable for FPGA implementation. Restoring and non restoring square root calculation Restoring Algorithm Step 1: If it is a 2n bit number then divide it in a group of 2 bits Step2: Subtract 1 from the first 2 digits (starting from MSB) Step3: Whenever the result of the subtraction is positive then the developed root is 1 otherwise 0 Step4: Whenever the result is negative, write it as it is. We have to restore the wrong guess by appending 01 and guessed square root. Step5: Now take the next two digits Step6: Append 01 (to be subtracted from next two digits of dividend) and guessed square root to subtract from the remainder. Step7: If the result of subtraction is negative then restore previous remainder by adding wrong guess by appending 01 and guessed square root. Step8: Every time guessed square root has to be updated while appending 01. Step9: Continue the steps until the group of two digits end 1 0 0 1.1 0 1 0 01 01 11 01.00 00 00 00 01 00 01 take next two digits from dividend 1 01 Append 01 Negative value 11 00 + 1 01 0 0 01 11 -10 01 11 10 Negative value + 10 01 01 11 01 10 00 01 11 00 00 10 01 01 01 01 1 00 10011 01 1011111 + 1001101 010110 00 010011001 000010111 00 100110101 1100100111 Figure 1: The example of restoring algorithm to solve square root B. Proposed Modified Non Restoring Algorithm A little modification in non restoring algorithm makes calculation faster. It uses only subtract operation and appends 01. It uses n stage pipelining to find square root of 2n bit number. The following algorithm describes the modified non restoring square root algorithm. Step1: Start Step2: Initialize the radicand (p) which is 2n bit number. Divide the radicand in two bits beginning at binary point in both directions. Step3: Beginning on the left (most significant), select the first group of one or two digit (If n is odd then first group is one digit ,else two bits) Step4: Select the first group of bits and subtract 01 from it. If borrow is zero, result is positive and quotient is 1 else it is 0. Step5: Append 01(to be subtracted next two digits of dividend) and guessed square root to subtract from remainder of previous stage Step6: If result of subtraction is negative, write previous remainder as it is and quotient is considered as 0, else write the difference as remainder and quotient as 1. Step7: Repeat step 5 and step 6 until end group of two digits. Step8: End 1 0 0 1.1 0 1 0 01 01 11 01.00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 take next two digits from dividend 1 01 Append 01 11 10 01 01 11 01 100 01 11 00 00 1001 01 001011 00 1001101 00101100 00 10011001 0000010111 00 100110101 001011100 Figure 2: The example of modified non restoring algorithm to solve square root Basic Building Block for Non restoring algorithm Inputs of the building block are x,y,b and u while d and b0(borrow) are outputs. If b0=0, then d b0=( ~ x .y)+(b.~x)+(by); d= (~x.y.~b.~u)+(~x.~y.b.~u)+(x~y.~b)+(x.u)+(x.y.b); csmblock.jpg Figure 3: RTL schematic of CSM block The generalization of simple implementation of non restoring digit by digit algorithm for unsigned 6 bit square root by array structure is shown in Fig.4. Each row of the circuit executes one iteration of non restoring digit by digit square algorithm, where it only uses subtract operation and appends 01. Figure 4: Pipelined structure of 6 bit unsigned square root number The design can be optimized by minimizing the logic expressions and can be implemented by modifying CSM block. The specialized entities A,B,C,D,E,F,G and H are derived from CSM block and are defined as follows: For csmA, ybu = 100 b0 = ~x d = ~x For csmB, yu = 00 b0 = ~x.b d = ~x.b + ~b.x For csmC, u = 0 b0 = ~x.y + ~x.b + y.b d = ~x.y.~b + ~x.~y.b + x.~y.~b + x.y.b For csmD, yb = 10 b0 = ~x d = ~x.~u + x.u For csmE, y = 0 b0 = ~x.b d = ~x.b.~u + ~b.x + x.u For csmF, xy = 00 b0 = b d = b.~u For csmG, xyb = 010 b0 = ~x d = ~u For csmH, xyu = 000 b0 = b Figure 5: Optimized Pipelined structure of 8 bit unsigned square root number Results and analysis The Non Restoring algorithm can be implemented with least hardware resources and the result will be the faster than restoring square rooting techniques. The source code is implemented in such a way that it can be extended according to users requirement to calculate complicated square root in FPGA. Figure 6: Simulation result of 8 bit square root using non restoring algorithm The DE1 kit has 4 seven segment displays only so the maximum number which can be displayed is 9999d and also it doesnt have a decimal point. Hence output obtained is less precise if one of the displays is considered as a decimal point. Table 1 shows the list of Logic Elements usage for 8 bit implementation. This indicates the size of the implemented circuit hardware resource. Table 1: Comparison of LEs usage in 8 bit implementation No Implementation of non restoring algorithm for 8 bit LEs 1 8 bit (with seven segment) 85 2 8 bit (without seven segment) 71 3 optimized 8 bit (with seven segment) 64 4 optimized 8 bit (without seven segment) 50 Table 2: PowerPlay Power Analyzer Status No PowerPlay Power Analyzer Status 8 bit with optimization (mW) 8 bit without optimization (mW) Low Medium Low 1 Total Thermal Power Dissipation 71.65 447.96 72.84 2 Core Dynamic Thermal Power Dissipation 0 190.47 0 3 Core Static Thermal Power Dissipation 47.36 48.06 47.36 4 I/O Thermal Power Dissipation 24.29 209.44 25.48 Conclusion: This implementation and analysis shows that proposed method is most efficient of hardware resource. This is reasonable, because it only uses subtract operation and append 01. The result shows that the proposed algorithm is easy to implement and also uses less resources. The result is extended for square root implementation of 8 bit floating point number and also it can be expanded to larger numbers to solve complicated square root problem in FPGA implementation.

Bye Bye Brazil :: essays research papers

Summary I really enjoyed watching the film Bye, Bye Brazil. I found it to be amusing as well as heartbreaking. I loved Gypsy Lorde. His character had the charisma bordering that of a male chauvinist pig to that of a gentleman. I liked the way the director used symbolic images to get his point across to the audience. I think if I had not done research on the Internet for most of our assignments as well as reading the textbook, I would have found the movie very educational. I had no questions after watching the film. However, it did make me realize how the majority of cultures will assimilate during the process of change, losing a little if not the majority of their traditions that were establish decades ago. Bye, Bye Brazil (1980), a film by Carlos Diegues, tells a story about the struggle of two couples trying to find their dreams in a country, Brazil, that is being overcome by social changes and undergoing massive technological transformations. United by their dreams, the couples travel through the backlands of Brazil in a truck, to seek places where they can not only make a living, but also find their dreams. The insights gained in the course of the journey are insights of both acceptance and change. The main character, the accordionist Cico, starts by joining the Carnival Rolidei as means of breaking out of his suffocating town, and from his pre-determined course of life. The character Gypsy Lorde is portrayed as an ambitious and cynical manager without scruples who is reluctant to see the changes around him. Salome, Gypsy Lorde companion, is as cynical as he, but transmits an air of quiet resignation to the fact that things are changing, whether they like it or not. The fourth character Dasdo, Cico’s wife, is very plain looking compared to Salome, very quiet, and passive. Like Salome, Dasdo also quietly resigns to the fact things are changing but she also tries to give an array of hope that the Carnival will survive and prosper. Bye, Bye Brazil unites in its characters and situations the same elements, which are part of the many processes that are transforming Brazil. The carnival travels from poor town to another. You can see the surprise and disgust of the characters as they move from one part of Brazil to another. Finding that either the young have left behind their old for modernization or that the town people have been captivated by the magic and illusions presented by television.

Max Weber’s Bureaucracy Essay

Good afternoon ladies and gentleman. This afternoon I would like to talk a little about Max Weber’s Bureaucracy. But first, let me tell you an article I read in the newspaper issued a couple of months ago. On January 21, 2013, Orlan Calayag was sworn in as the new National Food Authority administrator after Angelito Banayo resigned from his seat because of being accused of corruption and rice smuggling. Anyway, let’s get back to the point. Calayag is a dual citizen caregiver who used to reside in America. When PNoy appointed Calayag as the new administrator of the department, the most common reaction was: â€Å"Who? † According to Food authority’s Charter, or Presidential Decree 6, all administrators and deputy administrators of the agency shall be â€Å"natural-born citizens of the Philippines, not less than 35 years of age, with proven honesty and integrity and of recognized managerial competence. † And even though Republic Act 9225 exists, a person who assumes any government position should renounce his foreign citizenship first. This brought a lot of questions and objections. Calayag never became a government official until this January, never renounced his dual citizenship or does his previous work experience indicate â€Å"recognized managerial competence. † This scenario leads us to the so called KKK which brings us to Max Weber’s idea of Bureaucracy. I would like to emphasize three characteristics of bureaucracy. First, Division of labor and work specialization is used to align employees with their tasks. With this said, Calayag and President Aquino defies the ‘work specialization’ point because Calayag doesn’t specialize anything that may be related to the tasks and works of an NFA administrator. Next would be Weber’s, Managers should maintain an impersonal relationship with employees to promote fair and equal treatment of all employees so that unbiased decisions can be made. How could this actually exist or happen between PNoy and Calayag when in the first place, PNoy appointed Calayag because he is his friend? And finally, competence, not personality, is the basis for job appointment. Calayag finished a degree in Business Administration major in Business Marketing and his CV states that indeed he was a â€Å"Patient Services Specialist† or a caregiver. There is also the fact that Calayag can’t seem to find a permanent job – hopping from one job to another ending up connected to 6 different companies in a span of 8 years. So in the end, my dear listeners, this becomes another case of ‘kabarkada’ appointment made by the President.

4 Reasons Your Resume Didnt Get You a Job Interview

4 Reasons Your Resume Didnt Get You a Job Interview You spent hours crafting what you thought was the perfect resume. You sent it out with your application- which also took hours of your life- and†¦ nothing. You never hear back from that company and you’re right back to where you started. Here are 4 reasons your resume might have ended up in the shredder.1. You fell prey to ATSMost companies that have an online application have what’s called an Applicant Tracker System (ATS), designed to weed out the majority of applicants. You probably have a less than 5% chance of getting an interview when you apply online like this. Learn how to bypass any ATS and land you that interview.2. You were too braggyYou miss-stepped on the fine tightrope between confident and over-confident, between perfect for the job and full-of-yourself. If you think this may have been the case with your resume, get an objective second opinion. You can always dial down the self-praise a few ticks.3. Your LinkedIn is out of dateLots of recruiters will actually compare your resume to your online profiles. If what they see doesn’t match, they’ll assume you’re being dishonest about something- in one forum or the other. Make sure to keep your LinkedIn profile updated side-by-side with your resume and this won’t be a problem.4. You didn’t include numbersYou didn’t put enough quantity into your qualities. Make sure when selling your accomplishments, you include a few facts and figures that the recruiter can take to the hiring manager to show you can deliver when it counts.Make one of these faux pas? Never fear. At least now you know. Fix these problems, then concentrate on making your resume good enough to convince a recruiter in six seconds or less. Then try and get it in front of actual humans, through new or existing connections.

Daimler Chrysler Essays

Daimler Chrysler Essays Daimler Chrysler Essay Daimler Chrysler Essay Julie I. Gonzalez DaimlerChrysler AG: A Decade of Global Strategic Challenges Leads to Divorce in 2007 The DaimlerChrysler merger of 1998 was accepted with anticipation of greatness by analysts, stockholders, and the auto industry. Both companies had a global presence and combined heralded a revenue of 154 billion and 5. 6 billion in profit, combined. However, this merger ended up in divorce due to cross-cultural problems, production and manufacturing glitches, competition, lack of demand, , and incompatible brand portfolios. On the Hofstede dimension, Germans rank very high on individualism. They are conservative and value privacy, politeness and formality. Individualism is not conducive to a combined effort. This need for individualism as a culture affected the overall efforts to combine knowledge and skills. Daimler employees were competitive and resented the Chrysler division. Efforts and goals were not combined and there was a lack of synergy. One of the reasons for the merger was to combine their operations, share Ramp;D know-how and joint sales. As a result of the lack of cooperation there were production manufacturing glitches. Manufacturing was not properly streamlined. Both companies had very different methods of manufacturing and production. There was no learning from one another or implementation of each other’s best practices. Competition in the auto industry is always tense. Toyota, for instance was the most efficient manufacturer and quality and consumer satisfaction. DaimlerChrysler’s goal was to become a major global player. These goals were not realized duet other challenges Daimler branded vehicles faced in maintaining their position as a luxury and quality tradition and Chrysler facing issues of safety. Chapter 7 lists the guidelines for a successful alliance. The number one factor is choosing a partner with compatible strategic goals and objectives with whom the alliance will result in synergies through the combined markets, technologies, and management cadre. They did share the same goal having a global presence, having a broad product range and technology leadership. However, these goals did not result in synergy, a mutually successful bond. The merger plan was to combine two very different brand portfolios. Daimler-Benz targets the upscale market while the Chrysler targets the low end/sub-compact market. Lack of demand also hindered the success of the DaimlerChrysler merger. Customer demand for Chryslers gas guzzling SUV’s and Daimlers expensive luxury vehicles was down due to the state of the economy. In May of 2007 DaimlerChrysler demerged. The merger was a failure and as a result Daimler lost big. How could this failure have been avoided? One could reason that clashing of the two cultures is something that is without solution. However, as we have seen with the Renault-Nissan alliance, two cultures that clash and on paper look impossible can be very successful. Negotiations were formal. Less formal, more personal negotiations between the German and American executives with an impartial mediator could have offered better solutions to issues before the actual merger took place. It appears to me that the merger went through rather prematurely without actual solutions to problems that they may actually face once combining the two companies. Issues such as how to properly merge the two brands, how to foster compliance in learning each other’s best practices. I believe that a successful alliance begins with leadership. A more effective leadership that is non-biased or without prejudice would be more successful. The resentment of Chrysler by Daimler should have been addressed. All employees not on board for the common good of the two companies should have been let go or moved to a different position. Lastly, the auto economy was suffering, and the consumer demand for luxury or gas guzzling vehicles was low. There was a lack of innovation during the post merger period. Innovation was not even discussed during the premerger negotiations. New vehicles aimed at what the customers were actually demanding may have allowed this union to have been a successful one.

Media and Communication Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Media and Communication Theories - Essay Example Development of the internet and personal computing during the 70s, invention of Hyper Text Transport Protocol (HTTP) during the late 80s further stimulated a trend towards new media (Friedman 2006). Widespread usage of the internet in the early 90s, and a wide range of other related technological breakthroughs led to the creation of new media (Friedman 2006). New Media offered features that were practically unimaginable and unheard of just a decade ago (Friedman 2006). The hallmark of new media is that it has the potential and the capacity to bridge the seemingly incompatible features of the earlier communications media. Many experts tend to convey that new media is inherently democratic in all its aspects, be it consumption or production. It has enabled the masses and the consumers to actively engage with media and has armed them with the power to alter and shape media. There is no denying the fact that new media has certain inbuilt traits and abilities, which make it inherently mor e open, free and accessible. Yet, to claim that new media is fool proof democratic and immune to manipulation and distortion would be asking for too much. New media, like the previous media is sensitive and vulnerable to ideas and ideologies, and autocracy and totalitarianism are as rampant and existent ideas in the 21st century as democracy and liberty. 2.0 Democracy in the Age of New MediaNew media became realistically became universally accessible, courtesy the spread of the internet aided communication in the 90s. Considering this, the expert and the popular opinion stood to be unanimous in the sense that it expected new media to usher in an era of affordable production and distribution of information (Turkle 1995). Thereby new media tends to be essentially egalitarian and democratic in its scope (Turkle 1995). During the early stages of new media, a majority of the people were of the view that new media will demolish the monopoly of the established media houses and the restraining designs of the autocratic rgimes (Longford & Patten 2007). This will enable the people and the civil society groups to act and operate as independent broadcasters and publishers. Everybody expected that new media would usher in an era of interactive and democratic mass communication. New media will enable the masses to

My Journey to outer space Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My Journey to outer space - Essay Example My presence on the spaceship put me in a state of shock but gradually I adapted to the situation. The spaceship was headed towards the planet Saturn where the team members of my crew were to witness certain changes in the outer shell of the planet. This change was considered to have happened because of a reported explosion. I wandered around the spaceship and was delighted by seeing objects and machines that I had never seen. Despite of being in a different place, I started to like my surroundings. My attention drifted to one of my crew members, Ronald, who was sitting around a table that had navigation and mapping devices. The charm of those devices attracted me towards Ronald and lured me to ask the meaning of the terminologies that he was mentioning to the pilot of the ship. Later, it was Ronald and the pilot who explained to me that the term light year and Parsec were both units of length and that the spaceship had to travel 4.28 light years to reach Saturn and to ascertain the distance, a method referred to as parallax was used. During our journey, I witnessed different stars, meteors and asteroids. Few of the celestial bodies that I witnessed glowed in such a way that it displayed a red shade; this was referred to as Red shift in the astronomical language. When I first heard about the distance I thought that it would take many years to reach the destination but within a few hours, I heard an announcement which stated that we were approaching our destination. I was really looking forward to step on Saturn but at that particular moment, I fell with a thud on the floor and my eyes opened. I realized that it was just a

Financial Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Financial Risk Management - Essay Example The paper would be reflecting the financial risk rising from various perspectives i.e. personal level, institutional level followed by financial risk from the perspective of Islamic religion. Risk management is an essential activity for controlling and eliminating the financial risks in the aforementioned viewpoints. The paper would be discussing the risk management procedures found effective in each of these perspectives. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Table of Contents 3 Personal Risk Management 4 Financial Risk management in Financial Institutions 6 Financial Risk Management: An Islamic View 9 Is the Financial Risk Management Applied 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Personal Risk Management Risk management should be the main focus point of the financial plan of the investors. There are some investors who do not focus on this aspect of the investment procedure. There are various risks associated with the investment procedure. The first risk is referred as the performance risk. The inve stors need to have diversified portfolio for reducing the performance risk. The second risk involves the volatility risk. The asset classes such as equity and gold tend to give high return on investment in the context of long term period. But it becomes necessary to reduce the volatility risk in the short term and medium term period. The third risk is associated with risk of inflation. This is one of the biggest risks for any long term investor. The asset allocation should be done in such manner that it would be able to beat the inflation over any period of time. In today’s world, making investment has become one of the most important activities in life for every individual. In such case, it is pertinent that all the investors should possess knowledge to certain extent related to the investment risk management. Financial risk management can be explained as a procedure of dealing with uncertainties arising in the financial markets. While the financial institutes handle very co mplex series of procedures for managing the risk, the individuals are required to have knowledge about risk management as well. The individuals need to: 1) Understand the risk tolerance in both emotional and financial terms. 2) Understand personal level of the risk tolerance. 3) Assess and compare the personal risk capacity with the risk tolerance. 4) Identify an effective asset allocation investment portfolio. The aforementioned framework provides a guideline of the understanding of risks, managing them and making effective investment decisions. Risk capacity and risk tolerance are two important attributes associated highly with the risk factor. Risk tolerance can be described as the psychological or emotional attribute and risk capacity can be defined as the financial attribute of the risk factor. Risk Tolerance The fundamental explanation of the term ‘risk’ is the chance of losing something. In investment decision, there remain chances of losing money as well. With g reater probability of big profits, prospect of the losses to take place remains higher. Thus it becomes important to carefully consider the risk tolerance while planning for an investment strategy. Risk tolerance determines the psychological receptiveness of an individual associated with the risk and level of anxiety experienced in various situations where the risk factor is evident. It

Community and Population Health Essay Example for Free

Community and Population Health Essay Introduction I currently reside in Denver County, Colorado. I have chosen to assess and analyze this community for this assignment. Denver, Colorado is located east of the Eastern Foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver County is centrally located within the city of Denver, Colorado and includes the Denver International Airport located north-east of the city. The elevation of this county is 5,277 feet and therefore is nicknamed the â€Å"Mile-High City†. Denver County contains 154.9 square miles of land with a large amount of parks and rivers, of which 1. 4 miles is water. (City and County of Denver, 2011). Population Economic Status According to the 2010 census, Denver County has a population of 600,158 people with a median age of 33.7 years old (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). Denver County’s population is approximately 50% male and 50% female (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). The ethnicity of Denver County is predominately White (52.2%), with Hispanic (31.8%) and Black (9.8%) ethnic groups comprising the next largest population groups (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). The median household income in Denver County from 2008-2012 was is $49,091; compared to $58,244 for the entire state of Colorado (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010b). From2008-2012, 18.9% of households were at or below poverty; compared to an average of 12.9% for the entire state of Colorado (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010b). The average reported unemployment rate for persons ages 16 + in Denver County was 8.6% (with a +/- 0.4% margin of error) (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). Denver County has a high percentage of educated workforce. In 2008-2012, 36.7% of the population age 25 + had obtained their Bachelor’s Degree, or a higher level of education; compared 28.5% for the entire US (U.S. Census  Bureau, 2010b). Although Denver County has a large percentage of educated residents, it also has a high number of homeless residents. In a survey taken in January 2013, an estimated 11,167 people were homeless in Denver (including employed homeless) (Metro Denver Homeless Initiative, 2013). Of those individuals, 43% were women and 62% were adults with children (Metro Denver Homeless Initiative, 2013). The birth rate in Denver County in 2012 was 9,236 (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). This was average compared to the previous two years – in 2011 there were 9,431 births compared to 2010 where there were 9,584 births (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). Denver County’s death rate in 2012 was 4,220 (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). This number was average compared to the previous two years as well – in 2011 there were 4,156 deaths and in 2010 there were 4,210 deaths. The number one cause of death in Denver County from 2010 – 2012 was cardiovascular disease (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). The majority of deaths related to population was individuals age 85+ (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). Denver County offers two primary basic food assistance programs. These programs are called SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) and WIC (Women, Infants, and Children). For the fiscal year of 2013, Colorado had an average of 47,636,090 persons from a total of 23,052,396 households were signed up for SNAP benefits (USDA, 2014a). This number had increased by approximately 1,027,016 persons from 2012 fiscal year (USDA, 2014a). For the fiscal year of 2013, Colorado had an average of 8,662,591 persons (including women, infants, and children) were receiving supplemental nutrition from the WIC program (USDA, 2014b). This number decreased by 245,249 persons from 2012 fiscal year (USDA, 2014b). Cultural Assessment The population size and sex of the cultural group I interviewed was of twenty white women. Out of the twenty women I interviewed, ten women were between the ages of 20-29 years old and ten women were between the ages of  30-49 years old. All twenty women are currently registered nurses on the internal medicine/oncology floor at the hospital I am currently employed at. The amount of nursing experience these individuals have ranges from two years to 29 years of experience. All twenty individuals interviewed have health insurance. The attitudes toward age and aging of the twenty individuals surveyed varied with a similar goal of staying healthy to prevent the onset of diseases. The younger group interviewed felt it was important to eat healthy and exercise to promote internal health and longevity of life in general. The older group interviewed were more specific with their answers and felt it was important to maintain low stress lifestyles to promote good mental and physical health, to exercise to promote strong bones/balance, to perform mental exercises to help prevent the onset of dementia, and to regularly attend appointments. Both groups agreed that positive vs. negative attitudes directly affect physical health and one’s quality of life. When I asked both groups of their opinions regarding what age adolescents are considered adults, I received drastically different answers. The younger group felt as if ages 18-19 years old are considered adults related to society’s description of an adult, the independency promoted with high school graduation, and the onset of college. The older group felt as if ages 22-23 years old are considered adults primarily related to maturity, life experiences, and the beginning of an entry level career after completion of a college degree. Both groups felt as if college education was an expectation. All of the individuals interviewed currently have their degree in nursing with an active nursing license. Approximately one-third of those interviewed have their Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing and several of those interviewed possess recognizable specialty healthcare certifications. As an entirety, the group interviewed is healthy. Over half of those interviewed have no prior diagnoses regarding their state physical of health. The most obvious physical characteristic that both groups share is being overweight with eleven out of the twenty women interviewed currently being overweight according to their projected BMI. The entire population interviewed shared the mental challenge of overcoming the stress presented at work regarding difficult/challenging patients and all women interviewed believed they have compromised their safety while caring for a patient at one time or another in their career. When I asked this group what the usual sources of stress are, work was number one for all twenty women interviewed. The younger population interviewed stated that children/family and educational goals are some of their secondary sources of stress. The older population interviewed stated that aging/retirement and the health of other family members are their secondary sources of stress. Both groups primarily use the mountains/nature and outdoor activities, such as skiing and hiking, to cope with stress. Five of the individuals drive nearly sixty miles to work (one-way) daily, related to owning a home in the mountains to escape the â€Å"rush and chaos† of the city and helping to find a â€Å"balance in life†. Out of all twenty individuals interviewed, over 3/4 of the woman are married and/or have a significant other. When asked what their number one priority in life was, family was consistently number one. Most all other interests and goals were related to benefiting or bettering the family. Some of the answers named were continuing educational goals, buying a new home, having a baby, planning retirement, and helping their parents with activities of daily life. Of the cultural group identified, all of them share a team attitude while still exhibiting individualist perspectives unique to personal preferences and opinions. Neighborhood/Community Safety Denver is divided into about 80 different official neighborhoods within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). Those 80 different neighborhoods have been divided into seven police and fire districts; including Denver International Airport with has its own district (Denver Police Department, 2014; Denver Fire Department, 2014). The average response time for the Denver Police Department varied in 2013 from 14.9 minutes to respond to urgent, emergency calls (from the time a 911 call was received to the time an officer arrived on the scene) to 16.9 minutes for an officer to respond to a non-emergency call (Maass, 2013). According to Lt. Matt Murray from the Denver Police Department, these slow response times  have been directly correlated with a lack of officers (Maass, 2013). According to Murray, the Denver Police Department can have as many as 1,426 officers and as of October 3, 2013, the Denver Police Department had only 1,350 officers (Maass, 2013). A new class of 70 recr uits are currently in training in hopes to decrease the department’s response times in 2014 (Maass, 2013). The Denver Fire Department maintains 34 different fire stations that are strategically split into seven districts (Denver Fire Department, 2014). Firefighter’s each work an average of three 24-hour shift with an average of 180 firefighter’s on-duty per shift (Denver Fire Department, 2014). The Denver Fire Department responds to a variety of calls including Fire Suppression, Rescue Operations, Hazardous Materials Response, Technical Rescue, Urban Search and Rescue, Water and Ice Rescue, High Angle Rope Rescue, Confined Space and Trench Rescue, Wildland Firefighting, and Emergency Medical Services. They also perform thousands of building inspections annually, daily training and certifications, public and community education, school fire drills, and organize other special events (Denver Fire Department, 2014). According to the Denver Fire Department 2012 Annual Report, there were a total of 101,531 alarms/calls made in 2012 that required the response of the fire department team (Maass, 2013). Out of those 101,531 calls made to the fire department, 54,350 were for medical calls, 8,103 were for auto accidents, 2,248 were for fires, and approximately 37,000 calls required other services or rescues (Maass, 2013). Denver County has a significant amount of violence, crime, and gang activity within the community. In January/February 2014 there were a total of 7,268 crimes captured by the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) (Denver Police Department, 2014). According to this reporting system, the crimes are broken down into four categories; (1) crimes against persons, (2) crimes against property, (3) crimes against society, and (4) all other offenses (Denver Police Department, 2014). The top two offenses in Denver County per category included (1) simple assault and aggravated assault, (2) larceny and criminal mischief/damaged property, (3) drug/narcotic violations and prostitution, and (4) disorderly conduct/disturbing the peace and  criminal trespassing (Denver Police Department, 2014). These figures are slightly elevated from a total of 6,822 crimes in January/February 2013 (Denver Police Department, 2014). There is a variety of different gang activity in Denver County. In 2003, Denver police estimated that there were 14,000 gang members in Denver who were affiliated with 220 different gangs (Gang activity in Denver, 2013). The Denver Police Department has since created gang prevention programs including education, a gang hotline, outreach programs for former gang members, crime stoppers anonymous tips hotline, and the Denver Police Department Gang Bureau (Denver Police Department, 2014). Even with gang prevention involvement in the community and with these prevention programs in place, from January-September 2013 there was a total of 143 total crimes that could be directly related to gang activity (Gurman, 2013). These crimes included homicides, sexual assault, robberies, and aggravated assault (Gurman, 2013). Denver County is also populated with a high level of alcohol and drug abuse. The availability of marijuana with the recent legalization of recreational marijuana makes marijuana the most widely abused drug in Denver County (Mendelson, 2014). Alcohol, methamphetamines, heroin, cocaine, and prescription drugs are all found within the city limits of Denver as well (Mendelson, 2014). Denver County is centrally located between two interstates; I-25 and I-70. These interstates have many different entry and exit points to and from the city that provide easier access for drug trafficking and other illegal activities. Denver County has many different programs protecting its air and water quality. The Environmental Quality Division (EQD) is responsible for a variety of measures including conducting compliance inspections of air emissions, monitoring pollutant levels, issuing permits, and constructing models of air pollutant levels in the Denver area (Department of Environmental Health, 2014a). In February 2014 Colorado became the first state to regulate methane emissions from hydraulic fracking (Kroh, 2014). This new regulation will directly increase water quality and decrease smog in the Denver area. The Department of Environmental Health (DEH) is responsible for monitoring the quality of water in Denver’s lakes and  streams. The DEH collects an average of 13,000+ water samples and conducts more than 50,000 tests annually to ensure that Denver’s drinking water is clean and safe (Department of Environmental Health, 2014c). The goal is for the city of Denver to have fishable and swim mable waters in all the lakes and streams by 2020 (Department of Environmental Health, 2014c). Denver’s Departments of Environmental Health, Public Works, and Parks and Recreation are all work together to ensure that the City meets this goal (Department of Environmental Health, 2014c). Denver’s current number one pollutant is trash and litter. Urban Drainage and Flood control district alone collects approximately 100 tons of trash from the streams and rivers in Denver annually (Department of Environmental Health, 2014b). There are several health risks living within Denver County. These risks include earthquakes, hazardous materials, winter storms, and severe thunderstorms with hail, lightening, tornados, and/or flooding (Office of Emergency Management, 2014b). Hit and run injuries have become an epidemic in Denver County with an increase in fatal crashes in Denver County. Denver police reported 18,662 hit-and-run accidents, both sustaining injuries and sustaining no injuries, during 2011-2013 (Hubbard, 2014). At least one person in Denver metro area is injured every day by a hit-and-run driver and nearly three times a month a pedestrian is fatally injured by a motorist who flees the scene (Hubbard, 2014). Colorado legislators have recently increased the potential prison sentence for hit-and-run cases resulting in bodily injury and/or death. They have also formalized an alert program to inform the public on suspects, vehicles, and/or license plate numbers in an attempt to help in track down perpetrators (Hubbard, 2014). Disaster Assessment and Planning The state of Colorado and city of Denver has worked hard to organize a variety of disaster and emergency preparedness plans within the community. One source of information, READYColorado, offers a variety of data sources for the community. Their website, READYColorado.com, offers awareness and disaster preparedness for a variety of natural disasters, technological disasters, and human caused disasters. The website also contains statistics, facts, and a calendar list of current events and training exercises. It offers links for volunteer opportunities regarding community involvement and educational classes and it also lists ways to stay informed of emergencies  from such sources such as radio, television, text, live twitter feeds, and blogs. Three critical facilities in Denver County include three specific venues; Coors Field with 50K capacity, The Pepsi Center with 19K capacity, and Sports Authority at Mile High Stadium with 76K capacity (City and County of Denver, 2011). The most vulnerable populations to these disasters are the 22.3% of households with children less than 18 years of age, the approximately 23,000 individuals 65+ that live independently, and the residents in 51 long term care facilities within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). The primary disaster of concern for the Denver County is winter weather. Winter weather is an expectation living in Colorado. READYColorado contains information for home and vehicle preparation, emergency communications planning, proper dress for indoors and outdoors to protect the body from hypothermia, and hypothermia/frostbite warning signs. One can also find more information at Ready.gov, Colorado Department of Transportation, NOAA watch, and the American Red Cross regarding winter weather and the risks involved. Avalanches are of great threat to the mountainous regions of Colorado but do not pose a threat within Denver County. The risk of earthquakes is low in Denver County. However if an earthquake was to occur, the city would be very susceptible to extensive damage. Residencies and some of the older buildings in Denver are not made to withstand earthquakes and would most likely suffer damage to their structures (Office of Emergency Management, 2014b). Severe thunderstorms bringing hail, lightening, and tornados pose threats to the Denver County annually. Residents of the Colorado’s Front Range area are located in the heart of â€Å"Hail Alley† which begins mid-April and lasts through mid-August. The Front Range and Denver County receives a high frequency of large hail annually, averaging three to four hailstorms a year, and costing at least 25 million dollars in insured damage for each event (READYColorado and the State of Colorado, 2014b). Lightening poses the greatest threat to areas where the mountains and plains intersect (READYColorado and the State of Colorado, 2014b). Three deaths related to  lightning strikes have known to occur in Denver since 2001 (National Weather Service, 2011). Tornados pose a threat to all areas of Colorado; however tornados to not typically get high intensity ratings within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). Flying debris from high winds cause most injuries. NOAA weathe r radio, telephone alerts, and television sources provide alerts severe thunderstorms and the destructive events that they bring. Denver County also has an outdoor warning siren system consisting of 76 electro-mechanical sirens that sound when there are tornado alerts and warnings (Office of Emergency Management, 2014a). Wildfire ignition by lightning is a bigger concern rural Colorado areas compared to the city. Respiratory problems can still result from the inhalation of smoke spread by wind. Wildfires burn thousands of acres and destroy hundreds of structures annually in Colorado. These fires are generally ignited by lightening or human causes and can easily be fueled by drought conditions, insect infestations, and heat. READYColorado offers information on risk assessment, home preparation, evacuation plans, and shelter information. More information regarding wildfires can be found at Ready.gov, Ready, Set, Go!, Surviving Wildfire, The Red Cross, US Fire Administration – FEMA, and Colorado State Forest Service websites. Colorado Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal is also a useful tool in determining fire risks. Currently, Denver’s fire risk is between lowest intensity and moderate intensity risk (Colorado State Forest Service, 2014). Flooding has a big impact on Colorado and in 2013 challenged many residents in the Denver area. NOAA Weather Radio, commercial radio, television, and internet sources provide information on flood watches and warnings, including flash floods in Denver County. Flash flooding along streams such as Cherry Creek, Clear Creek, and Harvard Gulch pose the greatest threats within the Denver area. The Corps of Engineers, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, and the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District websites provide 2013 flood information, current projects, and resources for flooding preparation and damage control in Colorado. Health risks involved from flooding include contamination from bacteria (ie. E.coli), parasites (ie. giaria), and viruses (ie. Hepatitis A), respiratory infections from mold and other irritants, and bodily injury from swiftly moving currents, electricity hazards, and hypothermia. It is very important for all Denver County residents to be up to date with Tetanus  vaccinations. Terrorism poses a rather unpredictable threat to Denver County. Denver County has a large metropolis population and houses both government buildings and military installations, contains large sports stadiums and an international airport. It is known that failure of the Cherry Creek Dam would cause catastrophic damage to both life and property within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). There have been known international and domestic terrorist groups identified in Colorado during previous years (City and County of Denver, 2011). Education regarding the â€Å"eight signs of terrorism† can be found at multiple terrorism related websites including READYColorado.com. Denver also has specialized units including Denver Police Department Mounted Patrol, S.W.A.T.(Special Weapons And Tactics) who’s primary objective deals with hostage negotiation, drug busts and counterterrorism (City and County of Denver, 2011). Hazardous material spill have an increase potential in Denver County related to the many different companies storing hazardous materials within city limits. There are approximately 400 facilities storing reportable quantities of hazardous materials on properties located throughout the county (Office of Emergency Management, 2014). Each company is regulated by law to hold emergency plans that would go into effect if an accidental release of substance was to occur. The interstates bring added risk to Denver County related to the traffic along I-25 and I-70. These two interstates pass through densely populated areas of Denver County Denver fire and police have Hazardous Materials Response teams in place that are trained to respond to such an event(s). Denver County has nearly a dozen different hospitals with a vast amount of public transportation options such as bicycle, RTD bus and light rail services, taxi cabs, car2go, and Lyft services. Denver County has excellent communications and response teams in the event of a disaster with a vast amount of online education; however this information is published mostly in the English language. With such a large population of homeless in Denver County and 18.9% of all households at or below poverty level (U.S. Census  Bureau, 2010), the internet is not a good primary option for learning. Also, approximately 28% of all households speak a language other than English (City and County of Denver, 2011). Community Diagnosis Denver County is a very strong community regarding the number of educated workforce, median household income, number of hospitals, amount of public ground transportation, the protection of air and water quality, and the number of fire and police with specialty training teams and programs operating within the community. There is a very small percentage of residents 65+ who live independently and slightly over 1/5 of all households have children less than 18 years of age. The primary language is English and the community culture has a good overall team mentality. Denver County’s birth rate double the death rate with the leading cause of death cardiovascular disease in a primary death rate existing in the population 85+ (Colorado Department of Public Health, 2012). Denver County has many open avenues regarding opportunities and readiness attitudes within community. The population of Denver County is approximately 50% male and 50% female with a median age of 33.7 years old (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). This provides the community with the opportunity to explore young ideas and diversity among sexes. Denver County has a large number of homeless population with approximately 1/5 of the total population at or below poverty. These numbers exceed the national average. Denver County has two specific food programs being utilized greatly; SNAP and WIC benefits. There is a high number of crime, violence, and gangs within Denver County. There is a high level of alcohol and drug abuse within the community as well. Specialized police teams and community resources/programs assist with deterring these types of activities and assist in recovery efforts for those individuals. Colorado has recently legalized recreational marijuana which could be positive in terms of tax revenue for the state and future funding of programs and resources for the community. There could also be negative consequences regarding adolescent drug use and the increase of impaired drivers on the streets; however these statistics have not yet been measured and studied. Denver County is  contains a 100% urban population. This is both a strength and weakness to the city in terms of emergency evacuation. There are three critical facilities that exist in Denver County at specific venues with a capacity between 19K and 76K (City and County of Denver, 2011). Denver County is centrally located between I-25 and I-70 which can be an opportunity for evacuation or a barrier regarding avenues for drug trafficking and other illegal activities. There is a high ratio of hit-and-run injuries and fatalities within Denver County. Colorado legislators have recently increased potential prison sentences for hit-and-run cases resulting bodily injury and/or death. They have also formalized an alert program to inform and involve the public as an attempt to help track down perpetrators. The formulation of a city-wide educational program focusing on the prevention of hit-and-run occurrences may be beneficial in reducing these numbers as well. It is important for the Denver Police Department to have quicker response times to both emergent and non-emergent calls. Hopefully with the addition of new recruits for the force who are currently in training, Denver County will see quicker response time to all calls made. This will also hopefully decrease the amount of gang-related crimes and deter community activity in general. It is evident that Denver County has a large trash and litter problem. The initiation of more trash cans and recycle containers parallel with city-wide education would be beneficial in decreasing this problem. It would also be of benefit to the community and the court systems to enact a community service program that revolved around helping clean up the neighborhoods and streets. Denver County has good disaster and emergency preparedness plans within the community; however educational resources to the public need to be explored with a variety of different materials and other languages for maximum effectiveness. The primary educational method is by internet with most of the materials written in the English language only. Nearly 1/3 of all households in Denver County speak a language other than English. References City and County of Denver. (2011, Oct). Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment. Retrieved March 8, 2014, fromhttp://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource =webcd=1ved=0CCUQFjAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.denvergov.org%2FPortals%2F428%2Fdocuments%2FDenver%2520Hazard%2520Identification%2520and%2520Risk%2520Assessment.pdfei=AvEtU6etF8OJogSh5oDwDwusg=AFQjCNEEQhg_2-JDt_OVeX3pIyYSKGcx9gbvm=bv.62922401,d.cGU Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. (n.d.). Health Statistics: 2012. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=s source=webcd=1ved=0CCUQFjAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chd.dphe.state.co .us%2FResources%2Fvs%2F2012%2FDenver.pdfei+I14tU9zPA-SNygGZ-IDYBwus G=AFQjCNH_VbyYxdRvmxNekgRu-y0LhIgrzwbvm=bv.62922401,d.aWc Colorado State Forest Service. (2014). Colorado Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http://www.coloradowildfirerisk.com/map Denver Fire Department. (2014, January 7). In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver_Fire_Department Denver Police Department. (2014, January 6). Reported Offenses In The City And County Of Denver By Month. Retrieved March 8, 2014, from http://www.denvergov.org/police/ PoliceDepartment/CrimeInformation/CrimeStatisticsMaps/tabid/441370/Default.aspx Denver’s Water Quality Program. (2014, February 14). Sampling Results. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/DenversWaterQualityProgram?sk=app_190322 544333196app_data Department of Environmental Health. (2014a). Air Quality Program: Our Role In Protecting Air Quality. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://wwwdenvergov.org/environmental Health/EnvironmentalHealth/EnvironmentalQuality/EnvironmenatlAssessmentPolicy AirQuality/tabid/444649/Default.aspx Department of Environmental Health. (2014b). Water Quality Program: Trash and Litter. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://wwwdenvergov.org/environmentalhealth/ EnvironmentalHealth/EnvironmentalQuality/WaterQuality/tabid/444650/Default.aspx Department of Environmental Health. (2014c). Water Quality Program: Water Quality In Lakes and Streams. Retreived March 9, 2014, from https://wwwdenver.gov.org/environmental health/EnvironmentalHealth/EnvironmentalQuality/WaterQuality/tabid/444650/Default. Aspx Gang activity in Denver. (2013, August 17). In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gang_activity_in_Denver Gurman, Sadie. (2013, October 15). The Denver Post. Denver Police: Gang violence rises this year, involves more victims. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://www.denverpost.com /breakingnews/ci_24309448/denver-police-gang-violence-rises-this-year?source=rss Hubbard, Brent. (2014, Feburary 17). Rocky Mountain PBS. Hit-and-run fatal crashes rising in Colorado. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http://www.coloradoan.com/article/201 40217/WINDSORBEACON01/302170069/Hit-run-fatal-crashes-rising-Colorado Kroh, Kiley. (2014, February 24). Climate Progress: Colorado Become The First State To Regulate Methane Emissions from Fracking. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http:// thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/02/24/3322651/Colorado-methane-fracking/ Maass, Brian. (2013, October 3). CBS Denver. Denver Police Response Times Worsen, Complaints Rising. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://denver.cbslocal.com/2013/ 10/03/denver-police-response-times-worsen-complaints-rising/ Mendelson, Bruce. (2014, Feburary). National Institute on Drug Abuse. Drug Abuse Patterns and Trends in Colorado and the Denver/Boulder Metropolitan Area – Update: Jan 2014. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://www.drugabuse.gov/about-nida/organization/work groups-interest-groups-consortia/community-epidemiology-work-group-cewg/meeting- reports/highlights-summaries-january-2014-4 Metro Denver Homeless Initiative and National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty. (2013, January). The Gathering Place – Homelessness and Poverty Statistics. Retrieved On March 8, 2014, from http://www.tgpdenver.org/homelessnessfaq?printable National Weather Service. (2011, June 21). Colorado and National Lightning Casualty Statistics. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http://www.crh.noaa.gov/pub/?n=/Itg/Itg_stats_index. php Office of Emergency Management. (2014a). Alert and Warning Systems. Retrieved March 10, 2014, https://www.denvergov.org/AlertandWarning/tabid/391430/default.aspx Office of Emergency Management. (2014b). Potential Threats. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http://www.denvergov.org/Redirect_404/tabid/391429/Default.aspx? READYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014a). Retrieved March 10, 2014, from https:// www.readycolorado.com/ READYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014b). Severe Weather/Thunderstorm. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from https://www.readycolorado.com/hazard/severe-weatherthunder storm READYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014c). Tornado. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from https://www.readycolorado.com/hazard/tornado READYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014d). Wildfire. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from https://www.readycolorado.com/hazard/wildfire